Management of intractable hiccup.

Pneumomediastinum Due to Intractable Hiccup as the Presenting Symptom of Multiple Sclerosis

Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema generally occurs following trauma to the esophagus or lung. It also occurs spontaneously in such situations of elevating intra-thoracic pressure as asthma, excessive coughing or forceful straining. We report here on the rare case of a man who experienced the signs of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema after a prolonged bout of intractable h...

Ultrasound-guided Pulsed Radiofrequency Lesioning of the Phrenic Nerve in a Patient with Intractable Hiccup

Persistent and intractable hiccups (with respective durations of more than 48 hours and 1 month) can result in depression, fatigue, impaired sleep, dehydration, weight loss, malnutrition, and aspiration syndromes. The conventional treatments for hiccups are either non-pharmacological, pharmacological or a nerve block treatment. Pulsed radiofrequency lesioning (PRFL) has been proposed for the mo...

Intractable Hiccup in Demyelinating Disease with Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody

The patient was a 29-year-old man who presented with intractable hiccup at the onset of demyelinating disease. This was followed, in quick succession, by blurred vision, gait disturbance with myoclonic spasms and paresthesia in both legs, and the inability to urinate. Brain and spinal MRI revealed lesions in the parasagittal cingulate gyri, pulvinar, cerebral peduncles, superior colliculi, midd...

The management of intractable haematuria.

Management of intractable spontaneous epistaxis

BACKGROUND Epistaxis is a common otolaryngology emergency and is often controlled with first-line interventions such as cautery, hemostatic agents, or anterior nasal packing. A subset of patients will continue to bleed and require more aggressive therapy. METHODS Intractable spontaneous epistaxis was traditionally managed with posterior nasal packing and prolonged hospital admission. In an ef...